肖邦一共写了两首钢琴协奏曲。《e小调第一钢琴协奏曲》Piano Concerto No.1 in e Minor Op.11 ，虽说是“第一”钢琴协奏曲，实际上是后写的一首，由于它先出版，因此反而成了“第一”。在写这首协奏曲时，肖邦才20岁，也就是1830年。就创作技巧及经验来说，他后来更为成熟。但是这两首钢琴协奏曲自有他的清新激越之处，这就是肖邦本人在后来也是无法再写成这样，特别是在他流亡到法国之后。
1830年3月肖邦告诉友人他正在开始写这个协奏曲的第一乐章，到5月时已完成两个乐章，但第三乐章却迟迟未写，到该年的9月才完成。当时肖邦在信件中这样写道：“一弹这首乐曲，就会使我禁不住陷入象从前对钢琴一窍不通的时候那样恐慌，我深觉得这是非常特殊的演奏。因此，我担心我也许会弹不好它”。作品于10月11日首演，非常成功，随后他在写给友人的信中说他演奏得非常自如，好像自己一个人在演奏似的。我们知道，肖邦的性格比较内向，他在熟人和知友之间弹奏时比在音乐厅正式演出时要自在得多。
全曲的三个乐章分别是：
第三乐章，回旋曲，甚快板，E大调，2/4拍。这是一个具有波兰民族风格的乐章，它有与克拉科维亚克舞曲相似的节奏。克拉科维亚克舞是源于克拉科夫地区的波兰民间舞蹈。这个乐章采用回旋曲式，它的主部主题活泼欢快，在几次反复间，插入的插段有的华丽，有的抒情，都很优美。
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